©2019 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights Reserved. AAAS is a partner of HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef and COUNTER.Science Advances ISSN 2375-2548.

Extruded products most commonly require a dryer. “When a product is made on an extruder there is usually moisture added during this cooking step in the form of steam or water to get the correct product appearance and cook level,” explains Galen Rokey, process technology director, Wenger Manufacturing, Sabetha, Kansas. “This moisture must then be removed for product shelf life. Typical extruded pet foods may contain 20% to 30% moisture prior to drying. Conveyor speeds within the dryer allow the proper bed depth and retention time. Drying temperatures are another operating parameter needed to reach a product moisture level between 6% and 8% as the product leaves the dryer.”

So here I am, taking back control with an £86.17 shopping spree for food that should last me six weeks from March onwards. In an experiment, I set out to consume only British foods, to see what we are in for, but in the end I panicked during my panic buy and stockpiled whatever I could get my hands on, regardless of where it was from. Here’s how I hunkered down.  

Due to conditions observed during the inspection, the establishment agreed to discontinue food operations and voluntarily close until it is approved by the Department to resume operations. Inspected Jan. 2.

Due to imminent health hazards observed during this inspection, the establishment was been a Cease Operations Order and must discontinue food operations immediately. The establishment could not operate for a minimum of 48 hours. Inspected Jan 11.

The Climatic Laboratory is used to test aircraft and other equipment under realistic conditions before their use in extreme environments. Vehicles tested at McKinley include a C-5 Galaxy transport, the F-35 fighter, B-1 and B-2 bombers, and M1A1 tanks.

If you’re cool with forgoing taste in favor of an ultra-light pack, you can skip food prep tools altogether. If, however, you opt to bring anything that needs preparing, you’ll need to plan for cooking it. At a minimum, your mess kit should include a small metal pot, a lightweight spork, and a metal cup with collapsible handles. Ideally, all the pieces of your kit should nest inside one another to maximize packability. Lastly, you’ll want a lightweight stove —  the ultra-portable MSR PocketRocket 2 is a great choice — plus a couple of fuel canisters. Plan on relying on making and cooking over a fire whenever necessary, but having a camp stove is a wise backup.

1. Lighting  We’ve all heard jokes about changing lightbulbs, but in actual fact, taking the time to ponder your bulbs, could make a big difference to your health; an ionising light bulb is not only energy saving, but also produces negative ions which are thought to help clean the air of dust and bacteria and improve air quality. And daylight bulbs replicate the colour of sunlight which is thought to be beneficial for our mental health and help reduce symptoms of seasonal affective disorder.

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That was our reaction when we saw this dish-drying cabinet. It’s really popular in Finland and some other European countries, but virtually unheard of in the U.S.

Over 20 years after the Multitron was first introduced on the market, Infors HT now presents its fourth generation, redesigned incubation shaker. The instrum...

A similar approach, applied with a few modifications, yields sensors for glucose. Here, glucose oxidase enzyme is directly dispersed in the Nafion to ensure rapid interaction of glucose with the enzyme and consequent capabilities in detection of micromolar concentrations. The cathode involves a gold-based current collector coated with a suspension of platinized carbon in Nafion solution. Figure 4A illustrates the different components, and Fig. 4B shows an image of the sensor. The voltage signal generated across a biofuel cell–based sensor is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. Hence, a high load (1 megohm) resistor connected across the sensors generates sufficiently high-voltage signals for detecting micromolar concentrations of glucose in human sweat. Comprehensive studies conducted in a manner similar to those for the lactate sensor define the response. Figure 4C summarizes real-time measurements with increasing concentrations of glucose in buffer under ambient conditions, along with a corresponding calibration plot (Fig. 4D; maximum current output, ~0.2 μA). Figure S4 (A and B) illustrates the stability of the sensor signal when exposed to 150 μM glucose solution for 20 min and the effects of common electroactive sweat components (ascorbic acid, uric acid, and lactate) that can potentially affect sensor response. The studies reveal a stable sensor signal with minimal effects of interferents (~12% increment in signal due to interferents). A delayed response to glucose occurs in the presence of interfering chemicals, similar to the case of the lactate sensor, which we also attribute to side reactions occurring at the Pt-based cathode. Figure 4E highlights the reversible nature of the response of the glucose sensor, with a maximum RSD of ~4% for four consecutive cycles of varying concentrations. Real-time data acquired from a similar study using artificial sweat under average physiological sweat conditions (38, 39) [temperature, 30°C (pH 5.5)] appear in Fig. 4F, while Fig. 4G illustrates calibration plots for glucose sensors when exposed to artificial sweat at 30°C (±3°C) at different pH values. The data reveal that pH has a greater effect on the glucose sensor compared to the lactate sensor. A slight decrement of sensitivity in the range of 0 to 100 μM occurs when the artificial sweat pH decreases from 6.5 to 5.5, while the calibration plot shifts upward at pH 4.5. The effect of pH on enzyme activity may contribute to these observations. The calibration plot illustrated in Fig. 4G allows for compensation of this pH effect. Figure S4C shows the glucose sensor response characterized at a higher than usual sweat temperature (37° ± 3°C).